Progesterone vs. Your Menstrual Cycle

What is progesterone and how does it work in our bodies?

Progesterone is an important hormone that is mainly produced by the ovaries after ovulation. It plays a crucial role in women's health, especially during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. This hormone belongs to the group of progestogens and is also produced in smaller amounts by the adrenal glands. Progesterone helps prepare the uterine lining for a possible pregnancy and supports the early stages of pregnancy.

Progesterone production is stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH), which is released during ovulation. After the egg is released, the corpus luteum (yellow body) forms in the ovary. This corpus luteum produces progesterone, which in turn helps maintain a healthy menstrual cycle. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down and progesterone levels decrease, leading to the onset of menstruation.
Progesterone is broken down mainly in the liver, where it is converted into inactive substances and excreted in the urine. Healthy liver function is therefore essential for good hormone balance.

How does progesterone compare to other hormones in women?
Progesterone works closely with other hormones such as estrogen. During the first half of the menstrual cycle, estrogen is dominant, which causes the lining of the uterus to grow. After ovulation, progesterone takes over to stabilize the lining and prepare it for implantation. A good balance between estrogen and progesterone is essential for a healthy cycle. If estrogen becomes too dominant over progesterone, this can lead to symptoms such as PMS (premenstrual syndrome), weight gain, mood swings and an irregular cycle.

In addition, progesterone also plays a role in regulating cortisol, the stress hormone. With chronic stress, progesterone production can decrease, because the body prioritizes the production of cortisol.

Progesterone during the phases of the menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle consists of four phases, and progesterone levels vary in each phase:

Menstrual phase (day 1-5): During menstruation, progesterone levels are low because the corpus luteum has broken down. This marks the beginning of a new cycle.

Follicular phase (day 6-14): In this phase, estrogen is dominant and the uterine lining begins to repair itself. Progesterone remains low until ovulation occurs.

Ovulation phase (day 14): Around ovulation, luteinizing hormone peaks, which stimulates the production of progesterone. This is the moment when an egg is released.

Luteal phase (day 15-28): Progesterone peaks to prepare the uterine lining for implantation. If fertilization does not occur, progesterone levels drop, restarting the cycle.
Physically and mentally, women may experience changes during the luteal phase such as increased body temperature, breast tenderness, mood swings and fatigue. These symptoms are often related to progesterone levels.

Implications, symptoms and causes of an imbalance

A progesterone deficiency can cause various complaints, such as:
  • Irregular menstruation or absence of menstruation.
  • PMS, including mood swings, irritability and feelings of depression.
  • Fatigue and sleep problems
  • Early miscarriages or difficulty conceiving.

Causes of progesterone deficiency include chronic stress, inadequate nutrients (such as magnesium, vitamin B6, and zinc), lack of sleep, and hormonal contraception that suppresses natural hormone production.

How can you positively influence your progesterone balance?

Fortunately, there are several ways to naturally support your progesterone levels:

During the luteal phase: Get plenty of rest and avoid stress. Yoga, meditation and breathing exercises can help lower cortisol and support progesterone.

Diet: Eat foods rich in magnesium, vitamin B6, and zinc, such as spinach, avocado, nuts, and seeds. These nutrients are essential for progesterone production.

Herbs and Supplements: Herbs such as Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry) are known to have a positive effect on hormone balance. Consult a specialist before taking supplements.

Exercise: Regular, moderate exercise such as walking or cycling can help maintain healthy hormone balance.

Hormonal support: In some cases, guidance from a hormone expert such as Joyce from LunaVital can be valuable. She can help you with a personal plan to restore your hormone balance.

What can LunaVital do for you?

I understand how important healthy hormone balance is to your well-being. My approach is personal and tailor-made. Together we look at your specific complaints and goals, and create a plan that fits your lifestyle. This can vary from nutritional and exercise advice to support with natural supplements.
Whether you suffer from PMS, fatigue, or other hormonal complaints, I am ready to guide you to a healthier and more energetic life. Contact me today for personal advice or discover my informative blogs and products that can support your hormone balance.


Progesteron vs jouw menstruatiecyclus
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